LEARN HOW TO WRITE ESSAYS AS EASY AS A B C

It will be such a big loss if you miss the opportunity to learn how to write the best essay with Teacher Yas. She already teaching Writing for about 20 years, with so many tips and tricks to pass the exam especially SPM examination with flying colours.

If you stay near her area, you can learn with her face to face. Just give her a whatsapp message (011-31718728). Then, if you are hundred miles from her, you can learn with her online through whatsapp or VC.

She has many bombastic essays which help many students passed their English paper with 'A'. You can buy her essays, only rm50 once in a lifetime you pay, you get more than that!


YOU CAN'T SEE A DIAMOND JUST IN FRONT OF YOUR EYES AS YOU ALWAYS FIND THE BEST PEARL IN THE MIDST OF WHITE SAND.
 

POEM IS WRITTEN FROM A DEEP HEART

OLD MOM.

A mom,
She is a hidden treasure
Become a very priceless figure for
those who always appreciate her with thank and respect
Become a very gloomy statue for
Those who know her present but without a blink of eyes

A mom,
Back then, she was a very busy carer and giver
She was the best feeder
She was the best free homekeeper
She was the best gardener
She was the best teacher
Even the best maid ever
Indeed, it is not a 'was'
But,
She is the best for everything until
She closes her wrinkle eyes forever

Old Mom,
Sometimes, She cries for nothing
She will not show it to us
Her unstop prayers without our knowing
In contrast,
We always miss to say thank
We always miss to kiss her
We always miss to hold her hand
We always forget every necessary things about her

Old Mom,
Her cries and prayers for us to the heaven
Put your eyes and heart
Before it too late. 



Teacher Yasmine,
2019 / Sept

PRIVATE TUITION / PERSONAL COACHING FOR ACADEMIC WRITING 2019

PERSONAL TUITION / PRIVATE COACHING FOR ENGLISH: YEAR 2 / DLP CLASS -- SPM ENGLISH 1119 / MUET. WHATSAPP TEACHER FOR THE LOCATION AND TIME .......

PT3 ESSAY WRITING 2019 - AN ARTICLE

A QUESTION: TO WRITE AN ARTICLE ON FACEBOOK PAGE (150-180 words)

PT3 ESSAY WRITING 2019 - A short speech about the recovery process after the floodwater

A QUESTION: TO WRITE A SHORT SPEECH (150-180 words)

AN ARTICLE; AN ARTICLE: TO IMPROVE GRAMMAR SKILL THROUGH ESSAY WRITING PRACTICES.

AN ARTICLE: TO IMPROVE GRAMMAR SKILL THROUGH ESSAY WRITING PRACTICES.

Yasmin Mohamad

IIUM, Malaysia

1.1       Introduction

Of four English language skills, writing skill can be considered as a prime skill which help students to learn the other skills such as grammar and reading. According to Ashok Sapkota (2012), writing is one of the most important skills in learning a new language and it is a productive skill. Indeed, writing is rooted in every aspect of human life, and it continues to shape human interaction towards the 21^st century globalisation era. In which, writing can show the power and a chance to share or influence other people, whether with their thoughts, ideas and opinions (Kamehameha Schools, 2007). Clearly, it is a unique task of an individual and there is a place for them to express themselves in different way to the society and to the world.

     Good writing requires good knowledge of grammar practices, including the art of using rhetoric of arranging words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs, so it is easy to catch up the reader's attention. Briefly, the writer concluded that the grammar ability is vital to create correct sentences both in written form which is in term of writing practices, and also, in oral language skill (Muh. Arief Muhsin, 2016).

1.2       Problem Statement

The veteran English teacher, Ibrahim Zakaria put forward that even intelligent young graduates have a problem in getting ideas across in English Lang. These students with a poor command of English may could score strong credits in other subjects in the SPM examination (Thang, S. M. 2004), but they fail in English Lang subject. This is worrisome for all parties involved such as parents and teachers when students still could not perform well in English subject even after they spent eleven years studying the subject since primary school level up to their secondary school level (Khairiah, 1970; Naginder, 2006; Nor Hashimah et al., 2008; Saadiyah & Kaladevi, 2009).

     The executive director of Malaysian Employers Federation (MEF), Datuk Shamsuddin Bardan said that there are currently about 200,000 unemployed graduates in the country and one of the main reasons for this scenario is their lack of English proficiency. And, their bad performance in English Lang is believed to appear from the attitude of very technology-savvy and constantly bound to their gadgets to interact one another using short forms, acronyms and slang words (THE STAR ONLINE, 2015).

     Moreover, some of them do not know how to write a report or any article academically using the correct English. Even, they have problems in writing a report for their employers in the company. Most of students claimed that writing in English Lang is very difficult (Parilah .M Shah, 2011). To prove, some students claim that they are answering the writing question using the Malay Lang, some of them just writing a short paragraph only, or some are handing in a blank answer sheet.

     In addition, writing practice is the main course where students can learn coincidentally another skill like grammar, vocabulary and comprehension. Dovey (2010) confirmed that English Lang especially it’s writing component is very important as it will help students not only to perform well in their schools’ examination, but later at the higher level as well as in future professional life too. However, almost many teachers reviewed that the aspects connected to grammar beyond the sentence are absent in students’ writing. Moreover, as opposed to teachers, students have set in mind that learning grammar is something boring, rule-oriented, and old-fashioned. Most of them are unresponsive to grammar and regard it as a necessarily useless thing which they would, if they could, to eliminate it totally from the English lesson. Grammar is also felt to be very difficult especially by weaker students (Tony Burner, 2005). Despite the exposure to English language, both primary and secondary schools’ students in Malaysia still struggle in writing well, as their inability to write well is believed to due to the influence of their mother tongue and also insufficient knowledge of grammatical rules and concepts (Charanjit Kaur S. Singh et al., 2017).

     And, the researcher intends to investigate how writing practices can improve students’ English skills especially rules of language and grammar.

1.3       Research Questions

1.         Is there any significant relationship between grammar and writing practices?         

2.         How the writing practices can effectively help to improve the grammar skill?

3.         What is the aspect of grammar rules which appear the most in students’ writing?

1.4       Research Objectives

1.         To determine the significant relationship between grammar and writing practices. 

2.         To identify the effectiveness of writing practices in helping to improve the grammar skill.

3.         To list the aspect of grammar rules which appear the most in students’ writing.

_________________________________________________________________________________

YOU NEED A HELPER FOR YOUR THESIS AND PROPOSAL WRITING - EMAIL ME: imaninuryase@gmail.com.

PERSONAL COACHING ALSO IS PROVIDED.

A RESEARCH PROPOSAL: READING STORY BOOKS AMONG MALAYSIAN STUDENTS: ITS IMPACT ON THEIR LANGUAGE SKILLS

Abstract                                                                                                         

Reading story books is important in improving students’ success in learning English language.  Hence, students need to have high reading interests and reading skill towards story books. The purposes of this study were to identify the impact of reading story books on students’ language skills and social experiences. This study was carried out among 70 students (20 students from primary year 6 and 50 students from secondary schools) in Selangor. The Researcher distributed a set of questionnaire form in order to collect the data using a quantitative methodology. Data were analysed as well as presented in the form of frequency, means, standard deviation and independent t – test. From this study, it is found that students have relatively low interests to read English story books materials and that there is no significant difference between primary and secondary school students. From these findings, it can be suggested that teachers and parents should take action with regards to develop and enhance Malaysian students’ reading story books interests. It is hoped that the finding of this study would enlighten the relevant literature of the area.  

Keywords: students’ reading habit, primary and secondary school students, English story books materials, Selangor, short stories, language skills.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Reading habit is a positively good habit on a journey to success in future, and it is an important activity in a society as they can acquiring knowledge and information. Zurina Khairuddin (2013) wrote that reading is the path to success in school and life. Many advantages of reading can be collected by students in term of their knowledge of vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar errors, comprehension and even messages that are extracted out after finish reading. Moreover, reading habit not only good for children and students, but it also is a healthy practice of exercising a spare time among adults. Previously, Wallace (1992) had mentioned that reading became a major part in a daily life of the public especially at the time that literacy is given emphasis. Sometimes, literacy can be used as a sign of someone who possesses skills and knowledge especially in the field of language and linguistics (Siti Hamin Stapa, Nadzrah Abu Bakar & Rozmel Abdul Latiff, 2007), and this is believed to achieve by a lot of readings.

When our life is indulged within the 21-century era, technology ICT development is rapidly influencing almost every aspect of life, including the materials and information people can surf and read online. The lucky is, this technology is seen to encourage people to actively participate in any recent and updating activities via Internet and ease them to search for any information they need. As considered by Shahnil Asmar Saaid and Zaliffah Abd Wahab (2014), people are now using the web and wireless solution to satisfy their information needs. For example, students can surf websites and blogs to practice reading, whether as their hobby or for assignments and examinations. This is clear to note that the wide usage of ICT technology in education coincidentally build a wide space for students and educators, and all the readers to practice reading. This is claimed by Imran Ariff (2010) who stated that today’s technology-adapted to world stresses on knowledge and hence the importance of reading.

Reading method in the teaching and learning session still effectively relevant to apply in the classroom, even just as an additional input. This is important to practice reading in the classroom because reading is one way to collect the treasure of knowledge. Specifically, it can help students to improve their language skills, while reading stories may contribute to the additional skill and knowledge of comprehension, vocabulary, grammar as well as the lessons they extract out after reading all the chapters.

1.2       PROBLEM STATEMENT 

.................................................................


REFERENCES.

Imran Ariff Bin Mohd Ariffin. (2010). Tabiat Membaca Di Kalangan Pelajar Kemahiran Hidup Di Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (Thesis, 2010)

Shahnil Asmar Saaid and Zaliffah Abd Wahab (2014). The Impact of Digital-Based Materials on Undergraduates’ Reading Habit. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 4, No. 3, May 2014.

Siti Hamin Stapa, Nadzrah Abu Bakar & Rozmel Abdul Latiff (2007). LITERASI PENULISAN BAHASA INGGERIS DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR LUAR BANDAR: IMPLIKASI TERHADAP PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN. Jurnal UKM, Volume 2, Number 2.

Wallace, C. (1992). Reading. Oxford: Oxford University Press.   

Zurina Khairuddin (2013). A Study of Students' Reading Interests in a Second Language. School of English Language Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu. International Education Studies; Vol. 6, No. 11; 2013 ISSN 1913-9020   E-ISSN 1913-9039. 

#To get more information OR learn to write the proposal etc, email me at : imaninuryase@gmail.com

#I am your ghostwriter and private coaching..

SEVERAL HIGHLIGHTED THEMES FOR A RESEARCH STUDY (ENGLISH & LINGUISTIC FIELD OF STUDY

(DEGREE / MASTER / Phd STUDENTS)

#A SUGGESTION FOR THOSE WHO 'STUCK' DO NOT KNOW WHAT THE TOPIC OF HIS OR HER RESEARCH STUDY

1. The contemporary linguistic analysis in facing the industrial revolution era 4.0

2. Teachers readiness in teaching the language in the industrial revolution era 4.0

3. Technology-enhanced language teaching and learning

4. Mobile-assisted language learning

5. Current trends of evaluation and assessment in language learning

6. Translation scope in the industrial revolution era 4.0

7. Online learning

8. Curriculum development in facing the industrial revolution era 4.0

9. Project-based learning in language learning

10. Teaching strategies to foster ‘Higher Order Thinking Skill’

11. HOT’s-based learning process

12. ICT-based ESL learning

13. English Language Testing and assessment

14. Artificial Intelligent development in language learning

15. Story books as one best method in language learning

16. Distance education and lifelong learning

17. Integration of the language learning in the classroom

18. English for students with special needs

19. Teaching literature

20. Blended language learning

21. Character education through ESL

22. Digital literacy in the classroom

23. Storytelling in language learning

24. Approaches and methods in learning ESL

25. English and Islamic education

26. Language policy

27. Effective methods in teaching and learning literature

28. Teaching ESL in response to current market demands

29. Translation assessment

30. The development of critical literacy among students

 DONT KNOW OR DONT HAVE IDEAS TO EXPAND YOUR THESIS, INSYALLAH I CAN HELP. EMAIL ME: imaninuryase@gmail.com

THE EFFECTIVE ESSAY WRITING AMONG MALAYSIAN STUDENTS A RESEARCH STUDY : REFERENCE LIST

IF YOU NEED MY HELP JUST EMAIL ME ; imaninuryase@gmail.com
REFERENCES.

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K

A Question of National Consequence; National Endowment for the Arts (2007). To Read or Not to Read: Research Division Report no. 47 (Washington, D.C).  

A Wray (2000). Formulaic sequences in second language teaching: principle and practice Applied Linguistics (2000) 21 (4): 463-489 doi:10.1093/applin/21.4.463

Abraham S. Fishcler (N.d). Writing Chapter 3. NOVA. Southeastern University. http://edu cation.nova.edu/Resources/uploads/app/35/files/arc_doc/writing_chpt3_quantitative_research_methods.pdf

Abrahamsson N. & Hyltenstam K. (2009). Age of Onset and Nativelikeness in a second language; Listener perception Versus Linguistics Scrutiny. Language Learning Research Club, University of Michigan  

ACTFL (2006). ACTFL Performance Guidelines for K-12 Learners. American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, Yonkers, NY.

Ahmad Mazli Muhammad. (2007). “The effectiveness of an academic reading course in facilitating tertiary students' comprehension of academic text.” Unpublished Ph.D.thesis. Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi.

Akinwamide, T.K. (2012). The Influence of Process Approach on English as Second Language Students’ Performances in Essay Writing. ELT, 5(3), 16-29

Akyel A.S & Ozek, Y. (2010). A Language needs analysis research at an English medium university in Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2 (2). 969 975

Akyel A. & S. Kamisli (1997). Composing in first and second language; Possible effects of EFL writing instruction. In K. Pogner (ed.), Writing: Text and Interaction. Odense Working Papers in Language and Communication 14, 69-105

Alasdair Archibald (2004). Writing in a second language. LLAS CENTRE For Languages, Linguistics and Area Studies (LLAS). Http://www.llas.ac.uk/resources/gpg/2175.html

Ambigapathy P. (2002). What work in the classroom? Promoting literacy practices in English. 3L, The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 11, 15-39

American Diploma Project (2004). Ready or Not: Creating a High School Diploma That Counts. Washington DC: Achieve, Inc.,2004.

Anyanwu P.A (2002). Language Learning Otaburuagu. E. & P. Anyanwu (EDS). Concepts and issues in language studies. Owerri. Springfield Publishers. 136-146.

Archibald, Alasdair (2004) Writing in a second language. The Higher Education Academy Subject Centre for Languages, Linguistics and Area Studies

Azizi.Yahaya, Noordin Yahaya, Ooi Choon Lean, Abdul Talib Bon and Sharifuddin Ismail (2011). Factors contributing to proficiency in English as a second language among Chinese students in Johor Bahru. Azizi.Yahaya et al./ Elixir Psychology 41 (2011) 5837-5848.

Aziz Fachrurrozi dan Erta Mahyuddin (2011). Pembelajaran Bahasa Asing, Metode Tradisional dan Kontemporer. Jakarta: Bania Publishing.

Baker, T.L. (1994). “Doing Social Research”. 2nd Edition. New York: Mc Graw Hill Inc

Balint M. (2004). Assessing students' perceived language need in needs analysis. In 9th Conference of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, Tokyo.

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Barbara Harris Leonhard (2002). Discoveries in academic writing. Heinle & HEINLE. Thompson Learning Inc.

Bartlett, James E. II, Kotrlik, Joe W., and Higgins, Chadwick C. (2001). In Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, 19:1.

Baumann, J. F. (2009). Vocabulary and reading comprehension: The nexus of meaning. In S. E. Israel & G. G. Duffy (Eds.) Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 223-246

Baucus M.S Norton W.I, Baucus D.A & Human S.F (2008). Fostering creativity and innovation without encouraging unethical behaviour. Journal of Business Ethics, 81(1), 97-115

Baynham M. & Prinsloo M. (2009). Introduction: The future of literacy studies. In M. Baynham & M. Prinsloo (Eds.). The future of literacy studies (pp: 1-20. Great Britain: Palgrave Macmillan.

Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (1983). Educational research: An introduction. New York: Longman

Braddock, R., Lloyd -Jones R. & Schoer L. (1963). Research in Written composition. Urbana IL. National Council of Teachers of English.

Brown, H. D. (2001) Teaching by Principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy (second edition) New York: Longman.

Becoming a Nation of Readers: The Report of the Commission on Reading (1985).  http://textproject.org/assets/library/resources/Anderson-Hiebert-Scott-Wilkinson-Becoming-a-Nation-of-Readers.pdf.

Biancarosa, Gina and Catherine E. Snow. (2004). Reading Next: A Vision for Action and Research in Middle and High School Literacy: A Report from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. Washington, DC: Alliance for Excellent Education.

Birdsong, D., (2006). Age and second language acquisition and processing: a selective overview. Language Learning 56, 9–49

Brown, H. D. (2000) Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. White Plains: Longman. Fourth Edition.

Burns, N. & Grove, S.K. (2003). Understanding nursing research. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Company.

Campos, Anne, and Roger Peach (2008). Improving Literacy across the Curriculum: A Study of Instructional Development. Berkeley, ca: National Writing Project.

Chapelle, C., (2010). If intercultural competence is the goal, what are the materials?. In: Proceedings of CERCLL Intercultural Competence Conference. CERCLL, Tucson, Arizona, pp. 27–50.

Chitravelu, N., Sithamparam, S., & Teh S. C. (2005). ELT Methodology: Principles and Practice. Selangor: Penerbit Fajar Bakti

Chomsky, Noam (1957). Syntactic structures. Janua Linguarum 4. The Hague: Mouton.

Chomsky, N. (1981) Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht: Foris. Chapter 1

Chomsky, N. (1986). Knowledge of Language: Its Nature, Origin and Use. New York: Praeger

Chow, V.F.T. (2007). The Effects of the process-genre approach to writing instruction on the expository essays of ESL students in a Malaysian secondary school. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Coker, David and William E. Lewis. (2008). “Beyond Writing Next: A Discussion of Writing Research and Instructional Uncertainty.” Harvard Educational Review 78.1 (2008): 231-251.

Corder, S.P., 1978. Language-learning language. In: Richards, J.C. (Ed.), Understanding Second and Foreign Language Learning: Issues and Approaches. Newbury House, Rowley, MA, pp. 71–93

Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Dardjowidjojo, Soenjono (2003).  Psikolinguistik: pengantar pemahaman bahasa manusia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

Dardjowidjojo, Soenjono (2005). Psiolinguistik Pengantar Pemahaman Bahasa Manusia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

Darus, S., & Subramaniam, K. (2009). Error analysis of the written english essays of secondary school students in Malaysia: A case study. European Journal of Social Sciences, 8(3), 483-495 

David C. Caverly (2013). Integrated Reading and Writing: Theory into Practice. Texas State University Monroe Community College Rochester, NY. Reading Definitions. http://lrs.ed .uiuc.edu/students/jblanton/read/readingdef.html

Downey, D. & Synder, L. (2001). Curricular accomodations for college students with language learning disabilities. Topic in Language Disorders, 21(2), 55-67

Duke, N. and Moses, A. (2003) 10 research tested ways to build children’s vocabulary. New York, NY: Scholastic Inc.

Elaine Morais (2000). Reading, thinking and writing in an ESL Context. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. ISBN 983-40247-0-3

Elley, W., Barham, H., Lamb H. & Wyllie, M. (1976). The role of Grammar in secondary school English Curriculum. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 10 (1). 26-42.

Ellis, N.C., (2002). Frequency effects in language processing. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 24, 143–188.

Esmaeil Bagheridoust & Zahra Husseini (2011). On the Impact of Illustrated Assessment Tool on Paragraph Writing of High School Graduates of Qom, Iran. Canadian Center of Science and Education. Vol. 4, No. 3; September 2011.

Fauziah Hassan, & Nita Fauzee Selamat (2002). Why aren’t students proficient in ESL: The Teachers’ perspective. The English Teacher. Vol. 31, 107-123.

Fitzgerald, Jill and Timothy Shanahan. (2000). “Reading and Writing Relations and Their Development.” Educational Psychologist 35 (2000): 39-50

Fosnot, C.  T. (2005).  Preface.  In  C.  T.  Fosnot  (ed.),  Constructivism:  Theory, Perspectives,  and  Practice  (2nd  Ed.)  (pp.  ix-­‐xii).  New  York:     Columbia University  Teachers  College

Gabrys-Baker D. (2008). Morphosyntactics Issues in Second Language Acquisition (Vol. 29). Multilingual Matters.

Graham, Steve and Dolores Perin (2007). Writing Next: Effective Strategies to Improve Writing of Adolescents in Middle and High Schools—A Report to Carnegie Corporation of New York. Washington, DC: Alliance for Excellent Education.

Hamidah Yamat, Rose Fisher & Sarah Rich (2014).  Revisiting English Language Learning among Malaysian Children. Asian Social Sciences; Vol 10, No. 3. ISSN 1911-2017.

Hidi, Suzanne and Pietro Buscolo. (2006). “Motivation and Writing.” Handbook of Writing Research. Eds. Charles MacArthur, Steve Graham, and Jill Fitzgerald. New York: Guilford, 2006

Hillocks G. (1987). Synthesis of research on teaching writing: Educational Leadership, 44 (8), 71-82.

Holmes, N., (2009). The use of a process-oriented approach to facilitate the planning and production stages of writing for adult students of English as a Foreign or Second Language. http://www.developingteachers.com/articlestchtraining/processw1_nicola. html

Holopainen, L. & Savolainen, H. (2008). Nuorten lukemisen ja kirjoittamisen vaikeudet. [Reading and writing difficulties among young people]. In Luki-vaikeudesta Luki-taitoon, M. Takala & E. Kontu (eds.), 203–229. [From reading difficulties to reading skills] Helsinki: Gaudeamus

Huot, Brian. (2002). (Re) Articulating Writing Assessment for Teaching and Learning. Logan, UT: Utah State UP.

Ibnian S. (2010). The effect of using the story-mapping technique on developing tenth grade students’ short story writing skills in EFL. English Language Teaching. 3(4), 181-194.

I.J. Gebt (1963). The Study of Writing. Phoenix Books. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS.

Jacques-Bilodeau, M., (2010). Research project: A study of the long term effects of Intensive English programs on secondary school ESL students. www.csbe.qc.ca/projetrd /docprojet/ma rie_jac_bil_2010.pdf

Jan Peterson & Stacy A. Hagen (1999). Better writing thorugh editing. Mc Graw-Hill College. ISBN 0-07-049885-7

Jayakaran Mukundan, Elaheh Hameed Mahvelati, Mohd Amin Din & Vahid Nimehchisalem (2013). Malaysian Secondary School Students’ ESL Writing Performance in an Intensive English Program. World Applied Sciences Journal 22 (12): 1677-1684, 2013. ISSN 1818-4952.

Jeremy Harmer (2004). “How to teach writing”. Harlow, Essex, UK Publisher Longman

John Bean (2011). Engaging Ideas: The Professor’s Guide to Integrating Writing, Critical Thinking, and Active Learning in the Classroom. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,

Johansson, Petter and Gärdenfors, Peter (2005). In Cognition, education, and communication technology p.1-20

Jonassen, D. (1994). Thinking technology. Educational Technology, April, 1994. 34(4), 34-37.

Jordan, R. R. (1990). Academic writing course. London: Collins ELT.

Joseph Defazio, Josette Jones, Felisa Tennant and Sara Anne Hook (2010). Academic literacy: The importance and impact of writing across the curriculum – a case study. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, Vol. 10, No. 2, June 2010, pp. 34 - 47.

Kamehameha Schools (2007). The writing Process: An overview of research on Teaching and writing as a process. The Research Evaluations. Kamehameha Schools. Hawai.

Kamil, Michael L. (2003). Adolescents and Literacy: Reading for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: Alliance for Excellent Education

Karim, A. A. et al. (2010). Mapping the landscape of students’ learning information skills and constructing knowledge in Malaysian higher education. In The 9th WSEAS International Conference on Education and Educational Technology (EDU ‘10). 2010. Iwate Perfectural University, Japan: The WSEAS Press

Karagiorgi, Y., Symeou, L., (2005) Translating Constructivism into Instructional Design: Potential and Limitations, Educational Technology & Society, Vol. 8, No. 1, pg., 17-27

Kerlinger, F. N. (1986). "Survey Research," In Foundations of Behavioral Research in Education, New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

Koo Yew Lie.  (2008). Language, culture and literacy. Meaning-making in global contexts. Bangi. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Koo, Y. L. (2010). Sustaining critical literacy in multilingual contexts: Voices and perspectives of a Malaysian postgraduate classroom. Critical Literacy: Theories and Practices, 4(2), 29-34.

Kovalik, D. L., Kovalik, L. M. (2007). Thinking language simulations: The blending space for writing and critical thinking. Simulation Gaming. 38(3), 310 – 322. http://sag.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/38/3/310

Krashen, S., (1982). Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Pergamon, Oxford, UK

Kristina Robertson (N.d). Improving Writing Skills: ELLs and the Joy of Writing. Colorin Colorado.Http://Improving%20Writing%20Skills_%20ELLs%20and%20the%20Joy%20of%20Writing%20_%20Colorín%20Colorado.html

Kurt Vonnegut J.R (1982). “How to write with style”. Power of the printed World Series. International Paper Company.

L, M, N, O, P, Q, R

Lan, C.O.T., Khaun A.L.C. & Singh P.K.S (2011). Employer Expectations of Language at the workplace. Malaysia Journal of ELT Research, 7(2), 277-330

Leonore Granshow & Eike Schneider (2006). ASSISTING STUDENTS WITH FORIEGN LANGUAGE LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN SCHOOL. Http://www.Idonline.org/ lartie/22 725

Lewis, M. (1993). The lexical approach: The state of ELT and the way forward. Hove, England: Language Teaching Publications

Lie, K. Y. (2005). Pluliteracy in diverse contexts: Literacy practices around pluralistic texts. In A. Pandian, M. K. Kabilan, & S. Kaur (Eds.), Teachers, Practices and Supportive Cultures (pp. 226‐236).  Serdang: Universiti Putra Malaysia Press.

Lightbown, P. and Spada, N. (1999) How Languages are Learned. New York: Oxford University Press. Second Edition.

Lois Bridges (2011). Traits Writing. Research Proven in Blue Springs, MO. http://teacher.scho lastic.com/products/ruth-culham-writing-program/pdf/traits_bluesprings.pdf.

MacArthur, Charles A., Steve Graham, and Jill Fitzgerald. (2006). Introduction. Handbook of Writing Research. Eds. Charles MacArthur, Steve Graham, and Jill Fitzgerald. New York: Guilford, 2006

Malini Ganapathi (2014). Using Multiliteracies to Engage Learners to Produce LearninG. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, December, 2014.

Matsuda, P.K., A.S. Canagarajah, L. Harklau, K. Hyland and M. Warschauer, (2003). Changing currents in second language writing research: A colloquium. Journal of Second Language Writing, 12: 151-179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1060-3743(03)00016-X

Marlyna Maros, Tan Kim Hua & Khazriyati Salehuddin (2007). Interference in learning English. Grammatical errors in English essay writing among rural Malay secondary school students in Malaysia. Journal e-Bangi, 2(2), 1-15

McCarthey, Sarah. J. (2008).  “The Impact of No Child Left Behind on Teachers’ Writing Instruction.” Written Communication 25.4 (2008): 462-505.

Macdonald, S. J. (2009). Towards a social reality of dyslexia. British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1–9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3156.2009.00601.x

Melor Md Yunus, Ainil Sulaiman, Mohd Hasrul Kamarulzaman & Noriah Mohd Ishak (2013). Language Learning Difficulties among Malaysian Gifted Students. Asian Social Science; Vol 9. No 15. ISSN 1911-2017.

Menkhoff, T., & Bengtsson, M. L. (2011). Engaging students in higher education through mobile learning: An Asian perspective. Exploring Leadership and Learning Theories in Asia Conference, Penang, Malaysia, 15‐17 February 2011. 

Moeller, Aleidine Kramer and Catalano, Theresa (2015). "Foreign Language Teaching and Learning". Faculty Publications: Department of Teaching, Learning and Teacher Education.Paper 196. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/teachlearnfacpub/196

Mohd Majid Konting (1990). “Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan.” Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka

Mohd Majid Konting (2005). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

Moloney, R., Harbon, L., (2010). Making intercultural language learning visible and assessable. In: Proceedings of CERCLL Intercultural Competence Conference. CERCLL, Tucson, Arizona, pp. 281–303.

Mourtaga, K. (2004). Investigating Writing Problems among Palestinian Students: Studying English as a Foreign Language, Bloomington, Indiana: Author House

Munoz C. (2008). Age related differences in foreign language learning. Revisiting the empirical evidence. IRAL-International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 46(3), 197-220

Murphy, Sandra and Kathleen B. Yancey. (2008). “Construct and Consequence: Validity in Writing Assessment.” Handbook of Research on Writing: History, Society, School, Individual, Text. Ed. Charles Bazerman. NY: Laurence Erlbaum.

Musa, N. C., Lie, K. Y., & Azman, H. (2012). Exploring English language learning and teaching in Malaysia. GEMA: Online Journal of Language Studies, 12(1), 35-51.

Nael F.M. Hijjo (2013). A Morphosyntactic Analysis on Malaysian secondary school students’ essay Writing in English class. University Of Malaya. International Journal of Humanistic and Social sciences. Vol.3 No.11.

Naginder Kaur (2006). Non-autonomy and low English proficiency among Malaysian students; Insights from multiple perspectives. In Kamisah Arifin, Mohd Rozaidi Ismail, Ngo Kea Leng & Roslina Abdul Aziz. (Eds). English in Malaysian context (pp 21-34). Shah Alam. University Publication Centre (UPENA) UiTM.

Naginder Kaur, Nor Hayati Othman, & Abdullah, M. K. K. (2008). Lexical competence among tertiary students: Teacher-student perspectives. The English Teacher, 37,90-104

Radha Nambiar, Noraini Ibrahim & Pramela Krish (2008). Penggunaan strategi pembelajaran bahasa dalam kalangan pelajar tingkatan dua. Jurnal e-Bangi, 3(3), ms. 1-17.

Nanang Heru, Sumaryoko (2012). PENGUASAAN LEKSIKON BAHASA JAWA ANAK USIA LIMA TAHUN (Sebuah Studi Kasus). S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA.

National Council of Teachers of English (N.d). How to Help Your Child Become a Better Writer (English version). http://www.ncte.org/positions/statements/howtohelpenglish

National Standards in Foreign Language Education Project (NSFLEP) (2014). World Readiness Standards for Learning Languages (WRSLL). Alexandria. VA: Author Retrieved from. http://actfl/org/publications/all/world-readiness-standards-learninglanguages

Nattinger, J., & DeCarrico, J. (1992). Lexical phrases in language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Nazim, M., & Ahmad, J. (2012). Developing Writing Skills: A Practical Remedy of Common Writing Problems among Students of Writing Skills Courses at Preparatory Year. Journal of Language in Indi, 12(3), 348-360   

Neda Ghabool, Mariann Edwina a/p Mariadass & Sayyeed Hossein Kashef (2012). Investigating Malaysian ESL Students’ writing problems on conventions, punctuation, and language use at Secondary School Level. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. Journal of Sttudies in education. ISSN 2162-6952. Vol.2 No.3.

Neuman, W. L. (2011). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. USA: Allyn and Bacon.

Neuman, Susan B. & Roskos, Kathleen A. (1998). Children Achieving: Best Practices in Early Literacy.

Newell, George E. (2008). “Writing to Learn: How Alternative Theories of School Writing Account for Student Performance.” Handbook of Writing Research. Eds. Charles MacArthur, Steve Graham, and Jill Fitzgerald. New York: Guilford.

Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin, Norsimah Mat Awal & Kesumawati Abu Bakar (2008). The mastery of English language among lower secondary school students in Malaysia; A linguistic analysis, European Journal of Social Sciences, 7(2), 106-119

Normazidah, Lie, K.W. Azman H. (2012). Exploring English Language Learning and Teaching in Malaysia. GEMA ONLINE. 12(1). Http://journalarticle.ukm.my/3262/1/pp_35_5 1.pdf

Nosich, G. M. (2005). Learning to think things through: A guide to critical thinking across the curriculum. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Nooreiny Maarof & Mazlin Murat (2013). Writing Strategies used by upper secondary school students. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. International Education Studies. Vol. 6 No. 4. ISSN 1913-9020 (Print), ISSN 1913-9039 (Online)

O’Leary Z. (2004). THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO DOING RESEARCH. Sage Publications.

Onozawa, C., (2010). A Study of the Process Writing. Approach-A Suggestion for an Eclectic Writing Approach. http://www.kyoai.ac.jp/college/ronshuu/no-10/onozawa2.pdf

Open Polytechnic (N.d). How to improve your writing. https://www.openpolytechnic.ac.nz/ current-students/study-tips-and-techniques/assignments/how-to-improve-your-writing/

Otagburuagu E. (2002). The English Language in Nigeria; some historical landmarks. In Otagburagu, E & P. Anyanwu (EDS). Concepts and issues in language studies. Owerri. Springfield Publishers. 82-105

Pajares, F., & Johnson, M. J. (1996). Self-efficacy beliefs in the writing of high school students: A path analysis. Psychology in the Schools, 33, 1637175

Pajares, F., Britner, S. L., & Valiante, G. (2000). Writing and science achievement goals of middle school students. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 4067422

Pajares, F., & Valiante, G. (2001). Gender differences in writing motivation and achievement of middle school students: A function of gender orientation? Contemporary Educational Psychology, 26, 3667381.

Parilah M. Shah, Wan Hamiah Wan Mahmud, Rosseni Din, Aminuddin Yusof & Khalid Mat Pardi (2011). Self-efficacy in the writing of Malaysian ESL learners. World Applied Sciences Journal 15 (Innovation and pedagogy for lifelong learning): 08-11-2011.

Paulus, T.M., (1999). The effects of peer and teacher feedback on student writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 8(3): 265-289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1060-3743(99)80117-9

P Subramaniyan (2012). Research Methodology. http://www.limat.org/data/research/Researc h%20Methodology.pdf

Pour-Mohammadi, M., Abidin, M. J. Z., & Fong, C. L. (2012). The Effect of Process Writing Practice on the Writing Quality of Form One Students: A Case Study. Asian Social Science, 8(3), 88-99

Persky, Hilary R., Mary C. Daane, and Yang Jin. (2003). The Nation’s Report Card: Writing 2002. (NCES 2003-529). U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences. National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

Piaget, J. (1977). Epistemology and psychology of functions. Dordrecht, Netherlands: D. Reidel Publishing Company.

Pica, T., (1983). Adult acquisition of English as a second language under different conditions of exposure. Language Learning 33, 465–497

Pinker, S. (1994). The Language Instinct. London: Penguin Books.

Pritchard, A. & Woollard, J. (2010) Psychology for the Classroom: Constructivism and Social Learning. New York: Routledge. 106p.

Rashidah A.R.(2005). Learning English from learners‟ perspective. Seminar research presentation paper. UKM. Bangi XII 2005.Putrajaya.KPM.

Raziana Abd Rahman (2005). Learning English from learners’ perspective. Kertas Kerja Seminar Penyelidikan Pendidikan Kebangsaan ke xii 2005, Putrajaya. Kementerian pelajaran Malaysia.

Read, Sylvia and Landon-Hays, Melanie M. (2013) "The Knowing/Doing Gap: Challenges of Effective Writing Instruction in High School," Teaching/Writing: The Journal of Writing Teacher Education: Vol. 2: Iss. 2, Article 3. Available at: http://scholarworks.wmich. edu/wte/vol2/iss2/3

Reid, J. (2001). Writing. In R. Carter & D. Nunan (eds.) The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511667206.005, http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667206.005

Ren Hulin & Xu Na (2014). A Study of Chomsky’s Universal Grammar in Second Language Acquisition. North China Electric Power University, Beijing. International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL) Volume 2, Issue 12, December 2014, PP 1-7 ISSN 2347-3126 (Print) & ISSN 2347-3134 (Online).

R.L Trask (1997). A students’ Dictionary of Language and Linguistics. ARNOLD. London.

Rosniah Mustaffa (2006). The effect of culture on students’ learning style. 3L, The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 12, 83-94

Russell V. Lenth (2001). Some Practical Guidelines for Effective Sample Size Determination. The American Statistician, August 2001, Vol. 55, No. 3.

S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

Sabariah Md. Rashid, & Chan, S. H. (2008). Exploring the interplay of mode of discourse anD proficiency level in ESL writing performance: Implications for testing. The English Teacher, 37, 105-122

Sarah N. Oden, Eno G. Nta, Gabriel B. Egbe & Catherine N. Ebuta (2012). Optimizing students’ performance in English through Quality Teacher education. Journal of Education and Practice. ISSN 2222-1735. Vol 3. No 9.

Sarala@Thulasi, A/P Palpanadan, Fauziah Ismail & Abdul Rahim Salam (2015). Role of Model Essays in Developing Students Writing Skills in Malaysian Schools, A Review of Literature. Mediterranean Journal of School Sciences. Vol 6, No 2 S1. ISSN 2039-2117/ ISSN 2039-9340.

Sengupta, S. (2000). An investigation into the effects of revision strategy instruction on L2 secondary school learners. System 28, 1:97-113

Sharifah Nor Puteh, Rashidah Rahamat, & Aidah Abdul Karim. (2010). Writing in the second language: Support and help needed by the low achievers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 7, 580-587.

Sherrelle Walker, M.A. (2012). 5 Reasons Why Your Students Should Write Every Day. Scientific Learning. Http://5Reasons%20Students%20Should%20Write%20Every%20Day% 20_%20The%20Science%20of%20Learning.html

Shinder, D. ( 2002), Scene of the cybercrime, Syngress Publishing.

Siahaan, K.D. (2008). Deliver Robust Desktop Application with Visual C# 2008 Express Edition.

Singleton, D. (2005). The Critical Period Hypothesis; A coat of many colours. International Review Of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. 43(4), 269-285

Siti Hamin Stapa & Abd Hamid Abd Majeed (2006). The use of first language in limited proficiency classes: Good, bad, or ugly. Journal e-Bangi, 1(1), 1-12

Smith, J. H., Fawcett, A. J., Nicolson, R. I. & Fisk, J. E. (2004). Dyslexic students have more everyday cognitive lapses. Memory, 12(2), 174–182

Steve Graham (2008). Effective Writing Instruction for All Student. Renaissance Learning, Inc. Advanced Technology for Data-Driven Schools, NEO.

Sun, Y. (2011). Toward a Critical Thinking-oriented Curriculum for English Majors. Foreign Languages in China, 8(3), 49-58

Syvälahti, R. (2006). Kokemuksia lukiopetuksen alkutaipaleelta [Experiences from the beginning of teaching dyslectics]. In Rakkaudesta erityispedagogiikkaan. Juhlakirja: erityispedagogiikan professuuri 20v, M-L. Kieksi (ed.), 52–63. [From love to special education. A commemorative volume for Professor Hautamäki] Helsinki: University of Helsinki

Thang, S. M. (2004) Learning English in Multicultural Malaysia: Are Learners Motivated? Journal of Language and Learning. Vol. 2 No. 2 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Tony Lynch and Kenneth Anderson (2013). GRAMMAR FOR ACADEMIC WRITING. Bahasa Inggeris Language Teaching Centre University of Edinburgh.

Torild Homstad & Helga Thorson (1994). Writing Theory and Practice in the Second Language Classroom: A Selected Annotated Bibliography. THE CENTER FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES OF WRITING UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA.

Tse S.K & Shum W.C. (2000). Teaching Chinese language writing in secondary school: Theory and design. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Education Department.

U.Emrah Özesen (2007). DETERMINATION OF THE FACTORS THAT MOTIVATING THE OUTDOOR & RECREATIONAL SPORTS CONSUMER IN THE CASE OF DAILY RAFTING TRIP ON MELEN RIVER. THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY.

Uma Sekaran (2003). Research method for business: A skill building approach, 4th edition, John Wiley & Sons.  

Urquhart, V. & McIver, M. (2005). Teaching Writing in the Content Areas. New York: ASCD

Vidaković, I., (2010). Second language acquisition of dynamic spatial relations. Research and Validity Group, Cambridge ESOL 42, 23–33.

Villaume S. K. & Brabham E. C. (2003). Phonics instructions; beyond the debate. The reading teacher. 56(6) 478-482

Vygotsky, L. (1978). Interaction Between Learning and Development. In Gauvain & Cole (Eds) Readings on the Development of Children. New York: Scientific American Books. pp. 34-40

Wagner, R. K., Muse, A., & Tannenbaum, K. (Eds.) (2007). Vocabulary acquisition and its implications for reading comprehension. New York: Guilford Press

Walden University Writing Center (2013). Five Ways to Create Flow in Your Writing. http:/ /waldenwritingcenter.blogspot.my/2013/12/five-ways-to-create-flow-in-your-writing.Html

Weissberg, B. (2000). Developmental relationships in the acquisition of English Syntax; Writing vs. Speech, Learning and Instruction 10, 1:73-99

Willis, D. (1990). The lexical syllabus: A new approach to language teaching. London: Collins.

Wingate, U. (2012). Using Academic Literacies and genre-based models for academic writing instruction: A ‘literacy’ journey. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 11, 26-37

Yahya Othman. (2005). Trend dalam pengajaran Bahasa Melayu. Bentong: PTS Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd

YANNING DONG (2015). CRITICAL THINKING IN SECOND LANGUAGE WRITING: CONCEPT, THEORY AND PEDAGOGY. THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, Vancouver.

Yuen Meikeng in THE STAR ONLINE (2015). Poor English a major handicap. http://www. thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/11/15/poor-english-a-major-handicap-its-not-just-young-doctors-workers-in-various-sectors-too-have-a-weak/

Yunita Siswanti (2014).Teori Belajar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa. PGSD UM 2014. http://www.slideshare.net/YunitaSiswanti/teori-belajar-dalam-pembelajaran-bahasa

Zhenhui Rao (2007). Training in brainstorming and developing writing skills. ELT J (2007) 61 (2): 100-106 doi:10.1093/elt/ccm002 - www.tradeport.org.